Violence as entertainment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Violence as entertainment - Research Paper Example Epics and classics such as Iliad and Odyssey in Greek, Ramayana and Mahabharata in Hindu, Shakespearean Literature in Western and 1001 Arabian Nights in Arabian cultures stand as testimony to this. However, on the flipside, the sagas of wars and battles always illustrate the devastating miseries that the practice of violence has brought upon humans. Therefore, violence that sets misleading examples for children is not an appropriate form of entertainment as it glorifies brutality and breeds hostility besides fostering insensitiveness and apathy. The emergence of television, as a dominant form of entertainment during the early 1960s, has brought with it a major concern supported by scientific evidence that establishes the â€Å"casual relationship between violent television and aggressive behavior† (3). Psychologist contend that youngster modulate their attitudes and behavior on the basis of the â€Å"symbolic environment† that media promotes apart from their experiences in real life (3). Thus, when they remain exposed to violence in the media they will tend to imitate what they view on the TV and thus run the risk of indulging in violent behavior. The advent of visual technologies today offers the youngsters a wide range of channels on TV that telecast violent content in high definition and with 3 D effect. Thus, the viewing pleasure they receive from the media is so attractive as to be addictive and they spend a lot of time watching TV. When TV programs bombard their subconscious mind with constant images of violence, and influenced by such content, they will tend to believe that violence is an acceptable norm and become aggressive in real life. Evidence in the form of psychological research findings further suggests that watching violence in the media makes youngsters imitate the act as can be seen from incidents that involve â€Å"lethal violence† that has an â€Å"uncanny resemblance† to scenes in movies (Cantor 1). Children†™s tendency to imitate media content can be illustrated from the â€Å"crisis of playground injuries in schools† after the introduction of WWF in Israeli TV (2). The repercussions of this show on the children in Israel have forced the school authorities to conduct â€Å"media literacy programs† and the channel to reduce the frequency of its telecast (2). On the other hand, studies further show that frequent viewing of violent entertainment that portrays â€Å"graphic display of injuries† desensitizes children and reduces their â€Å"emotional response† to violence over a period of time (2). Similarly, such children, when they become adults are likely to indulge in â€Å"domestic abuse† as they tend to have lesser sympathy for the victims. Thus, it can be construed that when people remain exposed constantly to violence in media, they become indifferent to it and loses their emotional response and feelings of compassion for fellow beings. Research statistics further indicate that Americans constantly remain exposed to violent content and â€Å"60% of TV programs† contain violence (Bushman and Anderson 478). Studies also find that by the time children pass out from elementary grade, they would have seen over â€Å"8000 murders† and â€Å"

Cultural profiling tools for global business leaders 2281 Essay

Cultural profiling tools for global business leaders 2281 - Essay Example Leadership being an important part of an organizational culture is also included in the discussion section. Based on the culture profiling tools discussed in the current paper, few examples relating to how culture effects decision making process of leaders have been discussed. Culture profile can be described as the cluster of cultures which determine the characteristics of a firm. The motive of culture profiling is to present the culture of an organization from different perspectives. In the system of profiling, the various categories of culture existing with an organization are attributes which reflect the same are identified. An entity can be viewed upon like as an individual. Like every individual, a firm is also seen to possess a set of values and cultures which determine the manner in which the organization interacts with different stakeholders. The set of values present in an organizations culture profile determines the way in which interaction takes place between different organizational factors and the manner in which information gets transferred (Cameron and Quinn, 2011). Culture profiles get portrayed through such interactions. Culture profiles also refer to common set of beliefs and understanding which is shared by the members of an organizati on. As members of an organization continue to interact with each other on a regular basis, they become habituated with each other and develop their own ways and styles of interaction. Cultures are often developed in a manner such that it suits motives and functions performed by the organization. Apart from communication styles, culture existing within an organization gets reflected through dress codes, slogans, interiors and ceremonies held. Existence of a strong culture is essential to provide a strong identity (SÃ ¸ndergaard, 1994). Culture also facilitates motivating employees to perform better. It is essential that the culture existing within an organization

Annotated Bibliography: Automated Brain Tumor Detection

Annotated Bibliography: Automated Brain Tumor Detection V. Zeljkovic et al.(2014)[1]] proposed computer aided way of automated brain tumor detection with MRI images. This technique enables the particular segmentation of tumor tissues by with the correctness and also reproducibility just like physical segmentation. The outcomes display 93. 33% precision with irregular images and also total accuracy with healthy brain MR images. This technique for tumor detection with MR images also gives information relating to it's specific location and also documents it's design. As a result, this particular assistive technique enhances investigative effectiveness and also lowers the opportunity of human mistake and misdiagnosis. S. Ghanavati et al. (2012) [2] delveloped a multi-modality framework for automated tumor discovering is actually recent, fusing unlike magnetic Resonance Imaging strategies which includes T1-weighted, T2-weighted, as well as T1 along with gadolinium comparison agent. The intensity, shape deformation, symmetry, as well as consistency capabilities have been produced from each image. H. Yang et al. (2013). [3] experimented many segmentation strategies, no approach can easily segment all the b rain tumor information sets. Clustering as well as classification approach are very vulnerable with the 1st parameters. A few clustering strategies certainly are a stage operations and donot maintain the connectivity among regions. Training data and the appearance of the tumor strongly affect the results of the atlas-based segmentation. Edge-based deformable contour model is experienced the initialization with the evaluating curve as well as noise. H. Kaur et al. (2014) [4]has dedicated to the brain tumor detection strategies. The brain tumor detection is is definitely an essential vision application inside the medical field. This specific work offers firstly displayed an evaluation about a variety of well-known strategies for automated segmentation of heterogeneous image information that can require an actions towards bridging the gap in between bottom-up affinity-based segmentation techniques as well as top-down generative model based structured strategies. The key purpose of the work is usually to find out a variety of ways to detect brain tumor in a effective methods. The way to unearthed which the absolute almost all of active techniques has ignored the quality images likes including images along with noise or bad brightness. Also many techniques target tumor detection has neglected the use of object based segmentation. To overcome the limits of previously work a new strategy has been offered in this research work. I.Maiti et al. (2012) [5] offered a new way for brain tumor detection is developed. For this purpose watershed method may be used in combination with edge detection operation. It is a colour based brain tumor detection method using colour brain MRI graphics in HSV colour space. The RGBimage is changed into HSV coloring image by which the image is split in several regions hue, saturation, as well as intensity. After contrast enhancement watershed algorithm is applied on this image for every region. Canny edge detector is put on this result image. after combining the three images final brain tumor segmented image is obtained. M.S R et al.(2014)[6] proposed a segmentation and k-means clustering is combined for the improvementt evaluation regarding MR images. The results that translate the actual unsupervised segmentation techniques better than supervised segmentation techniques. The pre-processing is needed to display images from the supervised segmentation methods. The image training and testing data which significantly complicates the process though the picture analysis regarding known K-means clustering process is straightforward in comparison with used fuzzy clustering techniques. H.AejazAslam et al.(2013)[7] have suggested a new way of image segmentation applying Pillar K-means criteria. The system can be applied this k-means criteria optimized after Pillar. Pillar algorithm takes this keeping pillars should be located as far from each other to be able to avoid this force distribution of a upper limit, because just like the number of centroids between data distribution. This algorithm can optimize this K-means clustering with image segmentation in the issues with precision along with calculation time. A. Al. Badarneh et 's. (2012)[8] suggested a an automatic classification method for tumor of MRI images avoiding this Automatic classification of MRI images involves extreme accuracy, considering that the non-accurate examination along with postponing supply of the accurate inspection would produce raise the prevalence of more serious conditions. This work demonstrates the effects of neural network (NN) along with K-Nearest Neighbour (K-NN) algorithms upon brain tumor.. the results demonstrate that technique accomplishes 100% classification precision applying KNN along with 98. 92% applying NN. K.Sharma et al.(2014)[9] discussed magnetic resonance imaging is important imaging strategy used in the detection of brain tumor. brain tumor is one of the most harmful diseases occurring among several people. brain MRI performs an essential role for radiologists to detect and treat brain tumor patients. Research of the medical image by the of the radiologist is a difficult process along with the accuracy is determined by his or her experience. Thus, the actual computer aided techniques becomes really important as they overcome these limitations. Many automated methods are offered , but automating this method is extremely challenging because of various appearance of the tumor among the different patients. There are many feature extraction and classification methods which are used for detection associated with brain tumor from MRI pictures. S.Royet al.(2013)[10] reviewed the several recent brain tumor segmentation along with diagnosis methodology for MRI of brain image. MRI is an advanced medical imaging method providing prosperous information about the human soft-tissue structure. there are different brain tumor diagnosis and segmentation methods to find the segment a brain tumor from MR Images. These detection iand segmentation strategies are evaluated with signifiance placed on Informative advantages and drawbacks of such methods for brain tumor diagnosis and segmentation. The usage of MRI image detection and segmentation in different techniques are defined. Natarajan et 's. (2012) [11] proposed brain tumor recognition method for MRI human brain images. The MRI human brain images are generally firsty pre-processed using median filtration, then segmentation of image is performed using threshold segmentation and also morphological functions are used to obtain the tumor region. This method provides accurate shape of tumor within MRI human brain image. Manoj et .al. (2012) [12] explained the information of size of tumor plays critical role with the the treatment of malicious tumors. Manual segmentation of human brain tumors as of magnet Resonance images is a challenging and also time cousuming task. This method for the discovering of tumor in human brain by segmentation and histogram thresholding. The prepared process can be efficiently useful to identify contour of the tumor and it is geometrical description. It can be helpful application for the experts especially the doctors entertained in this particular field. Roopali et.al.. (2014)[13] disscused the segmentation strategy, which was carried out using a method based on threshold segmentation, watershed segmentation along with morphological operators. This proposed segmentation method seemed to be experimented with MRI scanned images associated with human brains: hence finding tumor in the images. Samples of human brains were taken, scanned applying MRI process and were prepared through segmentation methods this provides the efficient end results. Nisha et.al.(2014)[14] described the method aims the automatic detection along with classification| of human brain tumors while benign as well as malignant. The performance proposed by the system is usually 96%. This proposed method concentrate on this segmentation associated with MRI and helps in the automatic detection of human brain tumor through the assistance of level set method with the classification of tumor as benign or malignant using artificial neural syatem. Kanimozhi and Dhanalakshmi et.al. (2013) [15] described the basic algorithm for detecting the actual variety and outline of tumor in brain MR images is described. Usually, CT scan as well as MRI that could possibly in intracranial hole produces a entire image of brain. This image is visually|examined by the overall specialist for identification and examination of brain tumor. To stay away that , it uses computer aided technique for segmentation (detection) of brain tumor on the basis of two algorithms. This allows the actual segmentation of tumor tissues along with correctness and reproducibility comparable to physical segmentation. In including, it also reduces the full time for examination. At the ending of treatment the actual tumor is extracted from MR image and its exact location and also the outline identified . Any time degree of tumor is shown based on amount of region determined on the cluster. Njeh, Ines et al. (2014)[16] researched at an instant distribution-matching, data-driven algorithm for 3d multimodal MRI brain glioma tumor and edema segmentation in several strategies. They learned non-parametric model distributions which in turn characterize the typical areas in present information. then they explained his or her segmentation problems since optimisation of various expense features of the similar type, each that contain two terms distribution matching earlier, which in turn examines an international similarity among distributions, and a smoothness before prevent the occurrence of small, isolated areas in the solution. Obtained using recent bound-relaxation results, the actual optima in the value features provide the actual complement in the tumor region as well as edema region in almost real-time. According to global instead of pixel wise data, the proposed algorithm doesn't need the learning on the sizable, manually-segmented training set , as may be the situa tion involving modern day methods. Thus, the results are independent to the choice of a an exercise set. Quantitative evaluations in the publicly available training and assessment information fixed from the MICCAI multimodal brain tumor segmentation challenge (BraTS 2012) Obtained using recent bound-relaxation results, the actual optima in the value features provide the actual complement in the tumor region as well as edema region in almost real-time. According to global instead of pixel wise data, the proposed algorithm doesn't need the learning on the sizable, manually-segmented training set , as may be the situation involving modern day methods. Thus, the results are independent to the choice of a an exercise set. Quantitative evaluations in the publicly available training and assessment information fixed from the MICCAI multimodal brain tumor segmentation challenge (BraTS 2012) shown that their algorithm assure an incredibly competing effectiveness for complete edema and tu mor segmentation, among nine existing methods, obtaining a desirable calculating execution time (less than 0.5 s per image). Njeh, Ines et al. (2014)[16] looked at an immediate distribution-matching, data-driven formula intended for 3d multimodal MRI brain glioma growth and edema segmentation in several strategies. These people learned non-parametric model distributions which in turn characterize the typical areas in today's information. After that, many people stated his or her segmentation complications since optimisation involving various expense features in the similar kind, every single made up of a pair of phrases some sort of submitting matching earlier, which in turn examines an international likeness among distributions, and ( some sort of smoothness previous to avoid the incident involving tiny, isolated areas in the remedy. Obtained using recent bound-relaxation final results, the actual optima in the selling price features provide the actual complement in the growth spot as well as edema spot in almost real-time. According to global instead of pixel clever data, the actual proposed formula doesn't need yet another learning on the large, manually-segmented training fixed, as may be the situation involving modern day methods. Thus, the actual coming answers are in addition to the selection of a workout fixed. Quantitative opinions inside the openly available training and assessment information fixed on the MICCAI multimodal brain growth segmentation obstacle (BraTS 2012) shown that will his or her formula assure an incredibly competing effectiveness intended for comprehensive edema and growth segmentation, between nine current competing methods, obtaining a desirable calculating execution occasion (less as compared to 0. 5 utes every image). Roy, Sudipta et al. (2013) [17] mentioned tumor segmentation from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) information is an essential but difficult manual task performed by medical professionals. Automating this procedure is a challenging job due to higher diversity in the visual of tumor tissues between various affected individuals and oftentimes similarity with the common tissues. MRI is definitely an improved professional medical imaging technique providing abundant information about the human tissue anatomy. There are various human brain tumor detection with segmentation techniques to detect and segment a human brain tumor from MRI images. These detection and segmentation methods are usually evaluated having a significance added to enlightening the advantages and drawbacks of human brain tumors detection and segmentation. Using MRI image detection and segmentation in several methods can also be explained. In this article a quick overview of various segmentation for detection of human br ain tumor MRI of human brain have been discussed. Sapra, Pankaj et al. [18] described and compared the particular technique of automated detection of brain tumor by magnetic Resonance image (MRI) used in various stages of computer Aided Detection Process (CAD). Brain Image classification approaches are usually studied. Existing strategies are simply divided into region based and contour based strategies. These are usally focused on complete improved tumors or specific kinds of tumors. The quantity of sources needed to spell out there large number of| information is selected for tissues segmentation. In this paper, modified image segmentation approaches were applied on MRI scan images to be able to detect human brain tumors. Also in this paper, a modified Probabilistic neural Network Circle (PNN) model that is created on learning vector quantization (LVQ) together with image and data analysis and treatment approaches proposed to transport out a automated human brain tumor classification using MRI-scans. The evaluation from the modifi ed PNN classifier functionality is measured with working out functionality, classification accuracies and computational time. The simulation results discovered how the modified PNN provide fast and accurate classification in contrast to the particular image processing and published conventional PNN approaches. Simulation results also discovered how the proposed method outer forms the corresponding PNN process offered and successfully handle the technique of human brain tumor classification inside MRI image together with 100% reliability. Harati, Vida et al. 2011) [19] offered a much better fuzzy connectedness (FC) algorithm based on a variety for the reason that the seed point is selected automatically. This algorithm is actually independent of the tumour type when it comes to their pixels intensity. Tumour segmentation evaluation results based on similarity criteria show a better effectiveness from the proposed approach set along with the common methods, specially with MR images, with tumour areas with low contrast . Thus, the recommended technique is ideal for improving the the ability with automated estimation of tumour size and also position of brain tissues, which supplies more accurate study of necessary surgery, chemotherapy, and also radiotherapy techniques. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK The brain tumor detection is a critical application of medical image processing. The literature survey has shown that probably the most of existing methods has ignored poor quality images like noisy images or poor brightness. Also the a lot of the presented work on tumor detection has ignored the usage of object based segmentation. The general goal of the research work would be to efficiently detect the brain tumor using the object detection and roundness metric. The brain tumor detection is a critical application of medical image processing. This work has firstly presented an evaluation on various well-known approaches for automatic segmentation of various image data that has a step toward bridging the distance between bottom-up affinity- based segmentation approaches and top-down generative model based techniques. The key contribution of the job would be to discover various approaches to detect brain tumor within an efficient way. The literature survey has shown that probably the m ost of existing methods has ignored poor people quality images like noisy images or poor brightness. Also the a lot of the traditional techniques of tumor detection has ignored the usage of object based segmentation. This work has proposed a fresh object based brain tumor detection using combined with the decision based median filtering. The method has shown relatively efficient results than neural based tumor detection technique. The design and execution of the proposed algorithm is done in MATLAB using image processing toolbox. The evaluation has shown that the proposed method has achieved around 94 % accuracy that has been 78 % in neural based technique. Also for high corrupted noisy images the proposed method has shown relatively effective results compared to the neural based tumor detection. Even using cases neural based tumor detection fails for highly corrupted noisy images. In near future we shall propose a fresh improved brain tumor detection approach that'll improve t he accuracy of tumor detection techniques further using fuzzy-neuron based image segmentation. Further the usage of the proposed algorithm will also be extended by utilizing theproposed technique for the breast cancer and also for skin detection. Why Do Babies Bite? Why Do Babies Bite? Baby Biting Imagine that you are out with your child in the park or somewhere where your child interacts with others of the same age and then suddenly you see something strange in your child. Your child has turned into a little vampire! The first action that every responsible parent will think is to discipline their child. Which is normal but there is a better way of handling the situation. Biting is always a normal habit for any growing child. This should be a shock to any parent especially the first time parents. Your child will always bite for different reasons. Children are very curious and hence they bite to see what will happen next. The phase of biting is mainly between the ages of 1-3 years in children. They will always bite anything that is somehow attractive. Something encouraging is that after this age they will outgrow it. Biting is something that you really want to discourage your child from practicing. Don’t be stressed, there are some of the ways that you can apply to stop your young vampire from biting. Why Does A Baby Bite? Teething Some babies just don’t bite for the sake. Your baby might be teething and hence he will go for biting so as to soothe the irritating gums. Don’t always mistake your baby but understand him first. To prevent him from doing it then provide him with an alternative like a frozen bagel or a teething ring to chew. Sometimes you might find out that your child is not teething yet he is biting. He might also no be anxious about anything which is another cause of biting. When you notice this kind of behavior early, and then try to stop it at the early stages before it becomes your child’s habit because it may be dangerous. Biting should not always be considered as a game of any sort. Your child’s relation with his siblings can be sometimes very dangerous because they might treat biting as a game ending up giving the baby a love bite at some point. Always make sure that when your child bites no is there laughing at him and this is mainly the older siblings. What you should take care of and never try to entertain is using your child’s biting as an excuse to give in to his demands. Always ensure that your child’s daycare understand your approach and are ready to follow them. Other Reasons There are many reasons why children bite and when they do so it is not always with a bad intension. The first reason is that your child can be biting because he undergoes a lot of pain. Teething is part of your child’s growth process but it is somehow painful to them. Your child will try to relieve the pain by biting on any object that they see. This is because of their swollen gums that are kind of itchy. Secondly, children are naturally explorers. Most children can do anything so as to explore their surrounding. The children mostly use their hands to explore their environment but similarly they use their teeth very well. Anything that they always touch will automatically end up in their mouth. At this age, the kids are not able to prevent themselves from doing that because they are still very innocent. Most children always bite so as to see the reaction that will follow the action. They do it on their age mates or even their older siblings not knowing the amount of pain they are inflicting on them. This is the part of their exploration and curiosity. The sound of pain or exclamation will surprise the kids and they would want to do it more. Attention seeking is also one of the major reasons for biting in kids. The kid can see that his parents are ignoring him in different ways and this will make him bite. This one is one of the bad behaviors but the kids will rather go for it even if the attention is negative. Children also get frustrated like the grown ups. The only problem is that it is hard for them to show their frustrations through words. They will go for biting so as to alert you on something, for example if he is hungry or wants his toy back. The kinds can also use biting as a means of communications to the other kinds telling them that thy do not enjoy their presence. Part 2: What to Do When Your Baby Bites? If it’s about not having the language skills then always try to translate them into words, for example your child might be angry with you. This is important because you are helping your child express his feelings in the appropriate ways. Always try and reinforce your child hen he uses feelings in any way and then always ensure you give your child age appropriate choices because this will reduce their biting. Your child can be disturbed by things such as the TV or lights or even certain activities. The moment you notice this turn off the source of his disturbance. Ensure you take your baby out at the most appropriate time like when he is full. Always inform other cares about the situation of your child and again provide your child with the most suitable environment. Don’t forget to comfort your child when you see the problem. For example give her a hug. If your child is experimenting on biting then you can take a very firm action on your child, for example explain to him unemotionally that biting is bad and then turn to the victim and comfort him. Always try and explain to your baby the dangers of biting showing him what he has done has led to crying of another person. If your child needs more play then you should set aside some time every day for that, for example after meals. Ensure that you tell the other care takers about it so that it can be a continuous process. You can also go an extra step and include activities into the child’s daily routine for example some jumping before bed. Sometimes your child can be over tied and will require some extra rest, take an action by increasing the amount of rest b some minutes for a few weeks. Part 2: What to Do When Your Baby Bites? If your baby is teething then make sure you have a cool teething ring to prevent him from biting others Make sure you provide your child with things that can make them bite if they miss. When your child grows old enough encourage him to use words instead of biting. Give your child a lot of your time so that he does not bite so as to get attention Always praise your child when you see that he is doing a lot of good things. For example if he is not biting his friends or his siblings. Be generous with your praise and make sure that you are specific like â€Å"good boy† More tips on stopping a baby from biting Ensure that you stick to the plan. For any good plan to work, you need attention, energy, consistency and support from the other family members. Always give clear commands and they should be simple and positive. Children cannot understand if you tell the negatives and so always try to encourage them to leave the practice positively. When you need any help, don’t rush to the extreme that is the doctors. Instead get advice from the friends and other parents. For more information, watch this video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fZ3My9EBC60 Part 4: When to See a Doctor Biting is normal but sometimes it can to a worrying stage. At this worrying stage you need to see specialists who will advice you accordingly. Summary Every child must bite in his stage of development and it is a normal action. It is now the responsibility of the parent to control the action and advice her child accordingly.

common law and equity Essays -- essays research papers

Equity is frequently referred to as a supplement to the common law. Cruzon defines Equity as a system of law developed by the court of chancery in parallel with the common law. It was designed to complement it, providing remedies for situations that were unavailable at Law. Because of this, Equity provided a dimension of flexibility and justice that was often times lacking because of the common law’s rigidity. This rigidity stems from the fact that, while courts sometimes altered their jurisdictions and procedures, the fundamental premises and noticeable forms of the common law went largely unchanged between the 13th and 19th centuries. The common law was regarded as a birthright for all Englishmen; however, as the Crown continued to impose new jurisdictions, many statues sought to protect the peoples’ right to due process. In 1215 the Magna Carta was issued which sought to protect a free man’s right to life, liberty, and property except by the due process of the law. These statutes meant to limit the power of the crown, the very power that had introduced the common law as an alternative to the previous localized form of justice, and characterized a shift in the common law. Yet, due process legislation could only be invoked where the common law was considered to be deficient, and petitions were sent to the king, seeking his grace, when this was thought to be the case. Gradually the number of these petitions increased so much that they had to be reserved for special councils of the parliament, and as they continued to increase, only the most significant petitions were reserved for the parliament. The re st, mainly private suits, were passed on to individual councilors such as the chancellor, admiral, or marshal. These councilors grew in importance as petitioners began approach the appropriate individual directly. Out of the councilors’ arrangements for dealing with these cases, along with their added significance, developed several distinct courts. The most important of these was that of the chancellor as it developed its own jurisprudence. The Chancery began as the royal secretariat. Originally it was a department where royal writs and charters were drawn and sealed. Much of the chancellor’s later power stemmed from the fact that he had custody of the great seal of England, which was used to authenticate these documents. Because the writs originated from thi... ...  Ã‚  In the 19th century radical reforms of the judicial system attacked the practical flaws of the chancery. In 1813 the supreme power of the chancellor was checked by the appointment of a vice-chancellor. Later, this effort was continued by increasing the power of the Master of the Rolls, and the abolition of many of the offices in the court. By reducing the spread of the court and once again streamlining business, hopes were for joining the two courts and, once and for all, eliminating the rivalry between them. After 500 years, however, the chancery still left a bad taste in peoples’ mouths, and under Victorian legislation, the power of the supreme courts was increased to administer the law and equity: the chancery and the common law courts were abolished, forever ending the age old dispute between the two. While the chancery was abolished, equity has taken on a broader meaning and still survives today in England and the US. It is that approach to justice giving more precedent to particular facts of a case. Equity is important because it gave increasing protection to the individual, and represented a breaking away from the medieval notion of the all-powerful feudal lord.

Healthy foods vs. not healthy foods

Healthy foods vs.. Not healthy foods Tina Sanctions Eating is something that we all have to do to stay alive and we do it at least three times a day. We live in a world where there are so many choices and no one but ourselves are responsible for the foods we eat. In this essay I will compare and contrast the differences between eating healthy foods instead of not so healthy foods. First I'm going to discuss the healthy foods. The two areas of healthy food I'm going to talk about are the benefits and taste.The Benefits of eating healthy foods are that our bodies stay healthy, keeps you full and satisfied longer during the day, giving you more energy through out the day and in the long run keeping us out of the doctor's office. If you're trying to lose weight consuming healthy foods is a start to lose weight. The taste of healthy foods is fresher and if you prepare it well the taste will satisfy you but it can sometimes lack good taste if you don't know how to prepare it. Second I'm go ing to discuss the benefits and taste of the not healthy foods.There s no benefit of eating food that isn't healthy for you. When we consume foods that have no benefits we end up with all types of health problems like diabetes, heart conditions and being overweight Which all can lead to high medical bills. The taste of these kinds of food might tastes better at the moment due to all the ingredients that are in them and might cost cheaper so it becomes easier for us to consume. In the long run we are responsible for what we eat and the choices of food we buy but we should all consider the benefits it will make or not make.

Paul Watzlawick’s First Axiom Essay

Paul Watzlawick was an Austrian-born psychotherapist, psychoanalytic, sociologist and philosopher. He was best recognized for his venture in schizophrenia, as well as his communication theory regarding the five axioms. (Sack, Herald) His first axiom – â€Å"one cannot not communicate† – states that no matter how much a person tries not to communicate, there will some forms of communication going on. (Blanford, Roxanne) Watzlawick believed that every little behavior sends a message, regardless whether it’s intentional or otherwise. Therefore, all behavior has communicative value. When I first read about his theory, I honestly thought that it was unreasonable. Personally, I thought that sometimes unintentional actions do not mean that one is sending any form of communication. However, according to Kit Welchlin, a well-known public speaker, he states that â€Å"no matter what you say, or don’t say, people apply a meaning to it†. He gave an example of his observation on how the value of a co-worker from a marble factory was recognized by the messages that the manager sent through his actions. In addition, Eric Myers, founder and C. E. O. of Myers Business Diagnostics and Solutions LLC, said that people can make â€Å"judgment calls† to the non-verbal actions that the other is showing. â€Å"Words is only 7% of communication, body language 55%, and tone 38%†, Myers’ said at one of his talks. Another person who agreed to the theory is Dr. Amy Gaffney, an assistant professor from University of Kentucky. She believes that many people don’t always realize that anything that they do could â€Å"potentially be perceived as a form of communication†. She gave a simple example of how a student who’s nervously presenting in front would react to her â€Å"funny face† that she made because of the other noisy students behind her class. Besides the three influential speakers/researchers that I’ve mentioned above, there were also many other researchers whom have agreed at some point towards Watzlawick’s theory. So, I decided to conduct a personal experiment, with my brother as the subject of matter. I purposely picked him up late from his work place one day, and I observed his actions and behavior – which includes expressions, as he walked towards my car. I found out that although he did not mention that he was a bit irritated by my lateness, but his little fidgets and frowning of the eyebrows gave away. The findings of this experiment, combined with some additional researches, changed my perception towards Watzlawick’s theory. In short – I agree to Watzlawick’s First Axiom of â€Å"One Cannot Not Communicate†. Since every of our behavior may be perceived as a form of communication, there will be times where our behavior doesn’t actually convey the message that we want to convey. These are called â€Å"unintentional communication†. One very good example is when someone is deep in thought, and so happen the person’s eyes are facing your direction. You would start to wonder why the person is looking at you, but in actual fact, the person isn’t. A man who’s wearing a suit and drives a luxurious car doesn’t necessarily mean that he’s rich. But to the eyes of others, that person might be misperceived as rich. In a nutshell, Watzlawick’s theory of â€Å"One Cannot Not Communicate† is true, but to a certain extent, because not all behavior actually conveys the message that the person wants to convey.